Fastening apparatus and a special tool thereof

ABSTRACT

An invention relates to metals or plastic means for fastening work-piece, especially to a stop backing, anti-detaching thread fastener and its matched specific tool. The invention provides thread fastener and washer, on opposite end faces of which are provided with stop backing teeth respectively, the stop backing teeth of one end face are elastic stop backing teeth. The thread fastener of the invention applies series structure engaged between teeth, such that the stop backing effect of thread fastener is reliable under various vibration environment and are convenient for quick attaching and detaching and may be used repeatedly. The anti-detaching series fastener cannot be detached in any way, once being fastened, it can be used in anti-detaching locations of various installations; it is simple for manufacturing, cost effective, effect reliable, and convenient for using.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates to metals or plastic means for fastening workpiece, especially to a stop backing, anti-detaching thread fastener andits matched specific tool.

2. Background Technology

At present, the methods of stop backing of thread fastening means are:spring washer, threaded nut against each other, adhesive method, lockingtab method, locking pin method, effective torque method, threaddeformation method etc. The disadvantages of above various stop backingmethods are non-ideal stop backing effect or inconvenient operationindividually. Though there are types of anti-detaching fasteners, theyhave some disadvantages of being detachable by using other conventionaltool respectively.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the intention of research and creation of the inventionjust is that how a type of structure can be provided which can implementstop backing or anti-detaching thread fastening structure, if it is astop backing structure, it can be also detached conveniently by usingmatched specific tool, while for the anti-detaching structure there isabsolutely not any effective method without damaging the structure todetach it.

By means of practical experiments of dealing for research, production,manufacturing and so on of various mechanical technology in many years,the applicant of the invention makes a completely new designingstructure on the basis of researching and appraising, and the inventionis made finally.

The object of the invention is to provide a new type of stop backing,anti-detaching thread fastening means which is convenient for using andhas reliable stop backing effect, and the thread fastener can be used inall of anti-detaching fastening locations.

To achieve the above object the technical proposal of the invention isto be provided with complete set of thread fastener and washer, onopposite end faces of thread fastener and washer are provided with stopbacking teeth respectively, the stop backing teeth of one of end facesare of elastic.

On both opposite end faces of thread fastener and washer of theinvention are provided with stop backing teeth respectively which canengage with each other; the fasteners are bolt, thread strut, screw ornut; on outer circle of stop backing teeth of the supporting surface ofscrew, bolt or end face of nut are provided with radial circular concaveconveniently detaching step; on the thread part of bolt, screw isprovided with longitudinal positioning groove respectively; on the endface of washer stop backing teeth are arranged lifting up toward thedirection of screwing, the diameter of end face provided with stopbacking teeth of the washer is larger than the outer diameter of thefastener. Bolt, thread strut and washer are provided with positioninggroove and positioning tooth engaged with each other; on the washerpositioning teeth engaged with pre-formed positioning groove of fastenedwork piece is provided.

The stop backing series thread fastener is provided with matched innerhexagonal spanner, at each angle of which there is a bevel face risinggradually from lower part of angle apex to the left or right, the bevelface may fit with convenient detaching step provided above thesupporting surface of bolt, thread strut or end face of nutrespectively; the maximum distance between the bevel face and theopposite bevel face is large than or equal to the length of diagonalline of the inner hexagonal of spanner.

The anti-detaching series thread fastener includes bolt, screw, nut,characterized in that at outer edge of end face of the fastener there issupporting plane, on inner periphery stop backing teeth engaged withstop backing teeth of washer are arranged, the height of apex of theteeth is equal to or lower than supporting plane; on thread part of thebolt is provided with longitudinal positioning groove of the washer; onone side of washer is provided with stop backing teeth arranged aroundthe hole diameter rising toward the direction of screwing, the diameterof end face provided with stop backing teeth of washer is smaller thanthe diameter of inner edge face of supporting surface of fastenerrespectively, on one side of the washer is provided with positioningtooth or in inner edge of it is provided with positioning toothprojected inward.

The advantage of the invention is that: to apply to the thread fastenerseries structure with teeth therebetween engaged structure, therefore,under various vibration environment, the stop backing effect of thefastener is reliable, its attaching and detaching work are simple andquick, and it can be used repeatedly; the anti-detaching series fastenercannot be detached in any way, once being fastened, it can be used inanti-detaching locations of various installations; it is simple formanufacturing, cost effective, effect reliable, and convenient forusing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an operation state scheme the first embodiment of stop backingseries fastener of bolt type according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is front view of washer in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is top view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is section view along A-A line of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is front view of the nut in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is bottom view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an operation state scheme of the second embodiment of stopbacking series fastener of screw type according to the presentinvention;

FIG. 8 is top view of fastened work piece in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is front view of washer in FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is top view of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is section view along B-B line of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is front view of screw in FIG. 7;

FIG. 13 is bottom view of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is an operation state scheme of the third embodiment ofanti-detaching series fastener of bolt type according to the presentinvention;

FIG. 15 is top view of nut in FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is section view along C-C line of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is front view of washer in FIG. 14;

FIG. 18 is top view of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is section view along D-D line of FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is an operation state scheme of the fourth embodiment ofanti-detaching series fastener of screw type according to the presentinvention;

FIG. 21 is bottom view of screw in FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is section view along E-E line of FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is top view of washer in FIG. 20;

FIG. 24 is section view along F-F line of FIG. 23;

FIG. 25 is top view of specific conveniently detaching tool of stopbacking series thread fasteners;

FIG. 26 is section view along G-G line of FIG. 25.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

In the following, further descriptions of preferred embodiments will begiven in reference to the accompanying drawings. A stop backing seriesfastener of bolt type of embodiment 1 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6,comprising bolt 2 with longitudinal positioning groove 1 of washerpassing through fastened work piece 3, projected inward positioningtooth 5 on inner edge of washer 4 aligned with positioning groove 1 issheathed onto the part of bolt 2 exposing out of the work piece, theapex of stop backing teeth 6 arranged on outer edge of washer 4 risingtowards the direction of screwing directs to thread end of the bolt 2,the diameter of the outer edge of the end face of washer 4 arranged withstop backing teeth is larger than the diameter of nut of fastener, thestop backing teeth 6 on washer 4 are elastic stop backing teeth, thatis, the stop backing teeth can be pressed down under gravity, and canrebound after gravity disappeared. By screwing nut 7 in the thread ofbolt 2 to cause the stop backing teeth 8 arranged on end face of the nut7 to press work piece 3 and washer 4 tightly, and to cause one of stopbacking teeth 6 on the washer 4 rebounds up along the gap between teethof the stop backing teeth 8 of nut 7, that is, in stop backing state (asshown in FIG. 1), both stop backing teeth 8 of nut 7 and stop backingteeth 6 of washer 4 form a pawl structure.

A stop backing series fastener of screw type of embodiment 2 as shown inFIGS. 7 to 13, it consists of screw 11 on the supporting surface 17 ofwhich stop backing teeth 10 are arranged, on the outer edge of one sidestop backing teeth 12 are arranged rising up toward the direction ofscrewing, on the other side there is washer 14 having positioning tooth13 of work piece and fastened work piece 16 with pre-formed positioninggroove 15 of washer. Its operation procedure is as follows: put washer14 on work piece 16 and let its positioning tooth 13 align withpositioning grove 15 of washer on work piece 16, as shown in FIG. 7. Byscrewing the screw 11, the stop backing teeth 10 press washer 14 andfastened work piece 16 tightly, one of the stop backing teeth 12 of thewasher 14 rebounds up along the gap between the stop backing teeth 10 ofsupporting surface 17 of screw 11 head, thus presents a stop backingstate (as shown in FIG. 7).

An anti-detaching series fastener of bolt type of embodiment 3 as shownin FIGS. 14 to 19, the main differences of the present embodiment andembodiment 1 are: supporting surface 19 is provided on outer edge of endface of the nut 18 and stop backing teeth 20 are arranged around inneredge of end face of the nut 18, the apex of teeth is lower than or equalto the height of supporting surface 19, such that the engaged part ofstop backing teeth 20 of inner edge of end face of the nut 18 and stopbacking teeth 23 of end face of the washer 21 surrounds the supportingsurface 19 of outer edge of end face of the nut 18 and can not bedetached. On inner edge of the washer 21 is provided with inwardprojected positioning tooth 22 and along periphery of hole diameter ofwasher 21 stop backing teeth 23 rising up toward the direction ofscrewing are arranged. The diameter of end face of the washer 21 havingstop backing teeth 23 is less than the diameter of inner edge ofsupporting surface 19 of the nut 18. Its operation procedure is asfollows: as shown in FIG. 14, a bolt 25 having longitudinal positioninggroove 24 of washer is passed through fastened work piece 26, the inwardprojected positioning tooth 22 on inner edge of washer 21 are alignedwith positioning groove 24 and sheathed on to the part of the bolt 25exposed out of work piece 26, the apex of stop backing teeth 23 ofwasher 21 is directed toward the end part of thread, then the nut 18 isscrewed onto the bolt 25 to press work piece 26 and washer 21 tightly tomake all of the stop backing teeth 23 of washer 21 are rebounded alongthe gap between stop backing teeth 20 of the nut 18, that is, in ananti-detaching state (as shown in FIG. 14).

An anti-detaching series fastener of screw type of embodiment 4 as shownin FIGS. 20 to 24, the main differences between the present embodimentand embodiment 2 are: on outer edge of supporting surface of the screw27 the supporting plane 28 is remained, the apex of stop backing teeth29 arranged around bolt and the supporting plane are in the same height.On one side of washer 30 there is positioning tooth 31 of work piece, onthe other side, the diameter of which is less than the diameter of inneredge of supporting surface 28 of the screw 27, and stop backing teeth 32rising up toward the direction of screwing are arranged on peripheryalong hole diameter. Its operation procedure is as follows: thepositioning tooth 31 of the washer 30 is aligned with pre-formedpositioning groove 34 of work piece 33 and the washer 30 is placed onthe work piece 33 and screwing the screw 27, pressing washer 30 andfastened work piece 33 tightly, all of stop backing teeth 32 of washer30 are rebounded and engaged with stop backing teeth 29 of screw 27head, that is in an anti-detaching state (as shown in FIG. 20).

An embodiment 5 of conveniently detaching tool attached on stop backingseries thread fasteners as shown in FIGS. 25, 26, and FIG. 1, thespanner 35 with one face of inclined faces 36 upward is sheathed onlower part of the nut 7 as shown in FIG. 1. By screwing in bevel downdirection of inclined face 36, such that the inclined face 36 is actedon radial circular conveniently detaching step 9 projected inward of endface of the nut 7, and since the diameter of end face arranged stopbacking teeth on outer edge of washer 4 is larger than the diameter ofthe nut 7 of fasteners, one side of plane of the spanner 35 presses downstop backing teeth 6 of the washer 4, then the nut 7 could be detachednormally by using general tool.

The stop backing series, anti-detaching series thread fasteners providedby above embodiments may be matched and combined according to thespecific requirements of fastened work piece and its environment.

To sum up, by using simple structural design, the stop backing,anti-detaching fastening means may be achieved in true sense by theinvention. Significantly, the invention is a novel, advanced and havingwide applications new design. The above description is specificembodiment and used technical principle of the invention, the equivalentmodification and its function produced can be made without departing thespirit covered by the specifications and accompanying drawings, thescope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims herein.

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 10. (canceled) 11.A thread fastening means, including a complete set of thread fastenerand washer, characterized in that stop backing teeth are provided onopposite end faces of thread fastener and washer respectively, and thestop backing teeth on one end faces are elastic teeth, and that thefastener is a bolt, thread strut, screw or nut, and radial circularconveniently detaching concave step are provided on the outer edge ofstop backing teeth of supporting surface of screw, bolt or end face ofnut.
 12. The thread fastening means as in claim 11, wherein said stopbacking teeth are provided respectively on opposite end faces of threadfastener and washer and can be engaged with each other.
 13. The threadfastening means as in claim 11, wherein said bolt, thread strut andwasher are provided with positioning groove and positioning tooth thatcan engage with each other.
 14. The thread fastening means as in claim12, wherein said bolt, thread strut and washer are provided withpositioning groove and positioning tooth that can engage with eachother.
 15. The thread fastening means as in claim 13, wherein said stopbacking teeth rising up toward the direction of screwing are arranged onthe end face of said washer, and the diameter of end face provided withstop backing teeth of said washer is lager than outer diameter of thefastener.
 16. The thread fastening means as in claim 14, wherein saidstop backing teeth rising up toward the direction of screwing arearranged on the end face of said washer, and the diameter of end faceprovided with stop backing teeth of said washer is lager than outerdiameter of the fastener.
 17. The thread fastening means as in claim 11,wherein said threaded fastener is provided with matched innermulti-angle spanner and at each angle there is an inclined face risingup gradually from lower part of angle apex to the left or right, andabove stop backing teeth conveniently detaching step is provided oninclined face, end faces of both screw and bolt and end face of nutrespectively.
 18. The thread fastening means as in claim 12, whereinsaid threaded fastener is provided with matched inner multi-anglespanner and at each angle there is an inclined face rising up graduallyfrom lower part of angle apex to the left or right, and above stopbacking teeth conveniently detaching step is provided on inclined face,end faces of both screw and bolt and end face of nut respectively.
 19. Athread fastening means, including a complete set of thread fastener andwasher, characterized in that there is supporting surface on outer edgeof end face of said fastener and stop backing teeth are arranged aroundinner edge of said fastener for being used to be engaged with stopbacking teeth of said washer, and the stop backing teeth of one of endfaces are elastic stop backing teeth, and that the apex of stop backingteeth and supporting surface are in the same height or less than theheight of supporting structure.
 20. The thread fastening means as inclaim 19, wherein said stop backing teeth arranged around the holediameter and rising up toward the direction of screwing are provided onone side of said washer, and the diameter of end face of the washerprovided with stop backing teeth is less than the diameter of supportingsurface and inner face of said fastener respectively.
 21. The threadfastening means as in claim 11, wherein said washer is provided withpositioning tooth on one side or on inner edge with inward projectedpositioning tooth.
 22. The thread fastening means as in claim 12,wherein said washer is provided with positioning tooth on one side or oninner edge with inward projected positioning tooth.
 23. The threadfastening means as in claim 19, wherein said washer is provided withpositioning tooth on one side or on inner edge with inward projectedpositioning tooth.
 24. The thread fastening means as in claim 20,wherein said washer is provided with positioning tooth on one side or oninner edge with inward projected positioning tooth.